C1. Patch-cable programming

  • Year: 1945
  • Zone: Software, Languages & Systems
  • Band: inner
  • Tier: Built

ENIAC’s first programmers, including Kay McNulty, Betty Jennings and Frances Bilas, set up each problem by rewiring cables and switches. Changing the program meant changing the machine.

  • Program mediumCables + switches
  • Stored-program ideaEDVAC, 1945
  • Early assemblyK. Booth, 1947

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Sources

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Caveat

The label 'first' refers to the programmers who set up ENIAC by rewiring its cables and switches.

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